工傷停工留(liu)薪期能否作(zuo)為不簽勞動(dong)合同的抗(kang)辯理(li)由
（本文由勞動法鐘永棣老師原創）
【基本案情】
2012年(nian)5月(yue)8日(ri)張(zhang)某(mou)入職廣州(zhou)A公(gong)(gong)司(si)，月(yue)薪3400元。2012年(nian)6月(yue)11日(ri)張(zhang)某(mou)因(yin)工受傷，隨后(hou)被送(song)往(wang)醫院(yuan)住院(yuan)治療，醫院(yuan)診斷結論(lun)為：“L1、L3左側橫突(tu)骨折”。住院(yuan)17天后(hou)，張(zhang)某(mou)回家(jia)休息。2012年(nian)8月(yue)23日(ri)A公(gong)(gong)司(si)單方(fang)解(jie)除勞動(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)。隨后(hou)，張(zhang)某(mou)要求(qiu)A公(gong)(gong)司(si)支付未簽訂勞動(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)的雙倍(bei)工資差(cha)額、工傷待(dai)遇及違法解(jie)除的賠償金。另，張(zhang)某(mou)在(zai)職期間，A公(gong)(gong)司(si)未與張(zhang)某(mou)簽訂勞動(dong)(dong)合(he)同(tong)。
【法院觀點】
關于張(zhang)(zhang)某(mou)主張(zhang)(zhang)的未(wei)(wei)(wei)簽訂(ding)(ding)勞(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)雙倍工資(zi)差額的問題(ti)。《勞(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)法》第八十(shi)二(er)(er)條第一(yi)(yi)款：“用(yong)人單(dan)位自用(yong)工之(zhi)日起超過(guo)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)月不滿一(yi)(yi)年(nian)未(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)訂(ding)(ding)立書面(mian)勞(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)的，應當向勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)每月支(zhi)付二(er)(er)倍的工資(zi)。”由(you)此可知，用(yong)人單(dan)位未(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)訂(ding)(ding)立書面(mian)勞(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)的，自用(yong)工之(zhi)日起第二(er)(er)個(ge)月開(kai)始，應當支(zhi)付二(er)(er)倍工資(zi)。A公司(si)確認(ren)未(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)被(bei)上訴人簽訂(ding)(ding)書面(mian)勞(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)，故張(zhang)(zhang)某(mou)請(qing)求A公司(si)支(zhi)付2012年(nian)6月8日至2013年(nian)8月23日共2.5個(ge)月的雙倍工資(zi)差額8500元，依據充分(fen)，本(ben)院予(yu)以支(zhi)持。
A公(gong)司辯稱尚未來得及簽訂勞(lao)動合同張某(mou)(mou)(mou)即受(shou)傷，但事實是張某(mou)(mou)(mou)2012年5月8日(ri)即入職，A公(gong)司最(zui)遲應(ying)在(zai)2012年6月8日(ri)前(qian)(qian)與張某(mou)(mou)(mou)訂立書面(mian)勞(lao)動合同，而張某(mou)(mou)(mou)工傷發生(sheng)在(zai)2012年6月11日(ri)，顯(xian)然(ran)(ran)應(ying)訂立合同的最(zui)后日(ri)期在(zai)前(qian)(qian)，發生(sheng)工傷事故在(zai)后，A公(gong)司使用后發生(sheng)的事件作為先前(qian)(qian)應(ying)履(lv)先義務的免責(ze)事由(you)顯(xian)然(ran)(ran)不能成立，故對(dui)其抗(kang)辯意(yi)見(jian)，本院不予采納。
A公司不服一(yi)審(shen)判(pan)決，上訴至二(er)審(shen)；最終二(er)審(shen)法院維持原判(pan)。
【分析建議】
勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)法(fa)(fa)鐘永棣老師認為(wei)，入(ru)職(zhi)(zhi)1個月(yue)內(nei)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)，是用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)的法(fa)(fa)定義務；但期(qi)間基于與用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)無關的原因，雙方無法(fa)(fa)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)的，用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)可免責(ze)。如，勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)入(ru)職(zhi)(zhi)20天(tian)左右患病(bing)并需連續(xu)休(xiu)假3個月(yue)，期(qi)間即使沒有(you)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)亦無需承擔雙倍工資(zi)責(ze)任；當然(ran)，勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)休(xiu)假完畢回(hui)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)上班后，用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)應及(ji)時與其(qi)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)，否則需承擔雙倍工資(zi)責(ze)任。本案中，勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)入(ru)職(zhi)(zhi)1個月(yue)后才受傷，用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)以此抗辯顯(xian)然(ran)不(bu)合(he)(he)理(li)、不(bu)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)；如果勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)入(ru)職(zhi)(zhi)1個月(yue)內(nei)受傷及(ji)休(xiu)假的，用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)以此抗辯應該會得(de)到法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)的認可。總而(er)言之，用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)招用(yong)(yong)(yong)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)，應無條件(jian)在1個月(yue)內(nei)簽(qian)(qian)(qian)訂(ding)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)同(tong)；而(er)且(qie)越早簽(qian)(qian)(qian)訂(ding)，風險就越低(di)！
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