價(jia)值工程簡稱(cheng)VE,以(yi)產品(pin)功能分析為核心,力(li)求(qiu)用(yong)(yong)*的(de)(de)項目(mu)生(sheng)命周期(qi)實現產品(pin)的(de)(de)必(bi)備功能,從(cong)而提高價(jia)值的(de)(de)一(yi)種有(you)組織、有(you)計(ji)劃(hua)的(de)(de)創(chuang)造性活動和(he)科(ke)學管理(li)(li)方法(fa)。價(jia)值工程涉及(ji)到價(jia)值功能和(he)項目(mu)生(sheng)命周期(qi)成本(ben)等三(san)個基(ji)本(ben)要(yao)素。它(ta)是一(yi)門工程技術理(li)(li)論,其基(ji)本(ben)思想是以(yi)最(zui)少的(de)(de)費用(yong)(yong)換取所需要(yao)的(de)(de)功能。價(jia)值工程是1947年由(you)*通(tong)用(yong)(yong)電氣(qi)公司設計(ji),工程師邁爾斯在(zai)研究和(he)選擇原材料替代品(pin)時候(hou)所提出來的(de)(de)一(yi)個理(li)(li)論。
原(yuan)來(lai)設(she)計人員設(she)計出來(lai)的(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)產品的(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),大家看(kan)到(dao)成(cheng)本(ben)跟功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)本(ben)來(lai)應該是(shi)(shi)成(cheng)正比的(de),功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)越多成(cheng)本(ben)就(jiu)越高。但是(shi)(shi)這里面的(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包含了三(san)部(bu)(bu)分(fen),一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)是(shi)(shi)過剩功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),第二部(bu)(bu)分(fen)是(shi)(shi)附(fu)加功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),第三(san)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)是(shi)(shi)基本(ben)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。通過價值工程分(fen)析(xi),我(wo)們就(jiu)把(ba)(ba)產品的(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)從第一(yi)(yi)個(ge)直方圖(tu)變為第二個(ge)直方圖(tu)。其中,過剩功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)削減為零。基本(ben)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),附(fu)加功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)成(cheng)本(ben),我(wo)們也把(ba)(ba)它最小(xiao)化。第三(san)點(dian),在消減成(cheng)本(ben)的(de)同時,進一(yi)(yi)步壓縮基本(ben)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)以及(ji)附(fu)加功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。但是(shi)(shi),充分(fen)考慮客(ke)戶的(de)必要需求,增加一(yi)(yi)定新(xin)附(fu)加功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)來(lai)滿(man)足客(ke)戶的(de)需求。價值工程發(fa)展到(dao)現(xian)在,已經(jing)成(cheng)為一(yi)(yi)門比較完善的(de)管理(li)技術,在實(shi)踐之中形成(cheng)了一(yi)(yi)套科學的(de)實(shi)施程序。
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