(1)張口定(ding)價型
公司(si)成立初(chu)期(qi),公司(si)規(gui)模往往不大(da),人員不多,工資多少(shao)由老板和員工商定(ding),實質上還(huan)是老板說了(le)算,說漲就漲了(le)。
這種(zhong)(zhong)薪(xin)酬(chou)(chou)管(guan)理方法(fa)雖然不(bu)(bu)規(gui)范,但比較簡單實用,管(guan)理效率(lv)比較高;如(ru)(ru)果(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)員(yuan)工(gong)不(bu)(bu)多(duo),員(yuan)工(gong)工(gong)作狀況老板心里(li)都(dou)清楚(chu),公(gong)(gong)(gong)平就不(bu)(bu)會出(chu)現較大問題,薪(xin)酬(chou)(chou)的激勵(li)作用和優(you)化資源配置功(gong)能也(ye)能在(zai)一(yi)定程度(du)上實現。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)發展(zhan)到一(yi)定階段,公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)管(guan)理面臨規(gui)范性(xing)要(yao)求或者員(yuan)工(gong)人(ren)數較多(duo),那么這種(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)理方法(fa)往往在(zai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)平上會出(chu)嚴重問題,薪(xin)酬(chou)(chou)激勵(li)作用及(ji)優(you)化人(ren)力資源配置功(gong)能都(dou)滿足不(bu)(bu)了公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)發展(zhan)需要(yao)。
薪(xin)酬晉級機制不完善,一般(ban)是自己提出加(jia)薪(xin)申請,如(ru)果老(lao)板不同意,個(ge)人(ren)往(wang)往(wang)就會(hui)離職;這種(zhong)模(mo)式弊(bi)端是會(hui)叫的孩子有奶(nai)吃,老(lao)實人(ren)往(wang)往(wang)吃虧。
定(ding)薪(xin)往(wang)往(wang)說不(bu)清是(shi)根據(ju)崗位、還是(shi)根據(ju)人來定(ding),因此薪(xin)酬管理比較(jiao)混(hun)亂。工作調整(zheng)后如何定(ding)薪(xin)也是(shi)說不(bu)清楚的事情,往(wang)往(wang)還是(shi)老板和員(yuan)工商定(ding),即使考(kao)核不(bu)合格(ge),也不(bu)能(neng)輕易的降(jiang)低薪(xin)酬。
(2)一直不漲(zhang)型
一(yi)直不漲型有(you)兩種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)。一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)實行張口定價型工(gong)資(zi)管理(li),隨(sui)著人員(yuan)越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)多(duo),老(lao)板(ban)給員(yuan)工(gong)加薪操作越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)困難(nan),老(lao)板(ban)很難(nan)準確了解(jie)每(mei)個員(yuan)工(gong)能力(li)及工(gong)作狀況(kuang)(kuang),老(lao)板(ban)希望人力(li)經理(li)盡快(kuai)改變(bian)薪酬管理(li)方法。但(dan)由于人資(zi)水平有(you)限,企業本身情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)又非(fei)常復雜,很難(nan)找到解(jie)決方案,事(shi)情(qing)就這么(me)拖下去(qu)了,建立具有(you)晉(jin)級機制的崗位工(gong)資(zi)制是(shi)解(jie)決問(wen)題的關(guan)鍵。
另外(wai)一種就是實行了崗位工資制,但(dan)工資晉(jin)級機制不(bu)(bu)完善(shan)。要(yao)么是薪(xin)酬(chou)設計未考慮定期晉(jin)級機制,要(yao)不(bu)(bu)就是薪(xin)酬(chou)晉(jin)級只能實現普(pu)漲。企業決策者往往是不(bu)(bu)希望員(yuan)工工資整體普(pu)漲的,因(yin)為這樣的加薪(xin)不(bu)(bu)會有激(ji)勵(li)作用,也解決不(bu)(bu)了公平問題。
無論哪(na)種情(qing)況(kuang),工(gong)資(zi)長期不漲,會存在新員工(gong)工(gong)資(zi)比老(lao)(lao)員工(gong)高(gao)問題。老(lao)(lao)板往往通過年(nian)底紅包(bao)來(lai)解(jie)決(jue)內部公平及骨干員工(gong)激(ji)勵問題,長此(ci)以往,年(nian)底紅包(bao)年(nian)年(nian)升,不能降,本來(lai)的獎金激(ji)勵因素最終也變成了(le)保健因素。
(3)單加績效型
單(dan)加績(ji)(ji)效型有兩種情況。一種是傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)國有企業(ye),在整(zheng)個改(gai)革開(kai)放市場化進程(cheng)中(zhong),最初工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)只是基本工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi);為(wei)了解決多(duo)勞多(duo)得(de)問題,加了崗位工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi);為(wei)了解決干(gan)好干(gan)壞問題,加了績(ji)(ji)效工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)。另外(wai)(wai)一種就是企業(ye)為(wei)了提(ti)高員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)積極性,給員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)增加壓力(li)(li)動力(li)(li),認識到(dao)績(ji)(ji)效考(kao)核的(de)(de)必要性,這樣(yang)就額外(wai)(wai)加了績(ji)(ji)效工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)項目。
無論哪種情況,崗位(wei)工(gong)(gong)資和(he)績效工(gong)(gong)資都(dou)是并(bing)列項目(mu),額外發放績效工(gong)(gong)資,錢是多花了(le)(le),業績往往并(bing)沒有(you)上來。尤其重要的是,即使績效考(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)不(bu)合格(ge),崗位(wei)工(gong)(gong)資也會全部拿到,這傳達了(le)(le)錯誤的理念,即使干(gan)的不(bu)好,崗位(wei)也會保留。“考(kao)(kao)核(he)(he)不(bu)合格(ge)可以(yi)轉崗,轉崗仍不(bu)合格(ge)可以(yi)解聘”就難以(yi)操作(zuo)了(le)(le)。
(4)績效占比(bi)型
績效(xiao)占比(bi)型(xing)有(you)兩種(zhong)(zhong)情況,一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)將崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)分解為固定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)、季度(du)績效(xiao)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)、年(nian)度(du)績效(xiao)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)幾部分,績效(xiao)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)占崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)比(bi)例;另一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)淡化崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)概念,將工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)構成設置為基本(ben)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)、績效(xiao)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)等項目(mu),避免了績效(xiao)考核不(bu)合格(ge)(ge)還拿全部崗(gang)(gang)(gang)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)情況,“考核不(bu)合格(ge)(ge)可(ke)以轉(zhuan)(zhuan)崗(gang)(gang)(gang),轉(zhuan)(zhuan)崗(gang)(gang)(gang)仍(reng)不(bu)合格(ge)(ge)可(ke)以解聘(pin)”就可(ke)以操作了。
績效工(gong)資作為崗位(wei)工(gong)資的(de)一部(bu)分(fen),將個(ge)人薪酬福利(li)待(dai)遇及個(ge)人職業(ye)發展與個(ge)人、部(bu)門、組織(zhi)績效緊密聯系,激(ji)發員(yuan)工(gong)積極性,能實現普通(tong)員(yuan)工(gong)、管(guan)理層以(yi)及股東的(de)多贏(ying)局面。
內容(rong)摘自趙國軍老師著作《管理核能》:如何以激(ji)勵和績效促進企業(ye)發展(zhan)一(yi)書。
轉載://citymember.cn/zixun_detail/111629.html