你還(huan)在(zai)為員工越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)雇(gu)不(bu)(bu)起、用工風(feng)險越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)高(gao)頭疼嗎？企業(ye)用工形式其實已經在(zai)悄(qiao)然發(fa)生(sheng)變化。關于靈(ling)活用工，關于除全職雇(gu)傭(yong)用工之外的(de)多(duo)種用工形式，大多(duo)數人(ren)并不(bu)(bu)完全搞得(de)懂(dong)。比如直(zhi)播平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)主播跟平(ping)臺(tai)，他們(men)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)員工。餐飲企業(ye)在(zai)節(jie)假(jia)日或用餐高(gao)峰雇(gu)傭(yong)的(de)小時工，也不(bu)(bu)是(shi)企業(ye)的(de)全職員工。社區醫院雇(gu)傭(yong)的(de)退(tui)休醫生(sheng)，也不(bu)(bu)是(shi)醫院的(de)傳統勞動關系用工。知識付費平(ping)臺(tai)眾多(duo)的(de)專業(ye)人(ren)士，也不(bu)(bu)是(shi)平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)員工。這些(xie)員工和企業(ye)到底(di)是(shi)什么關系？
作為中小(xiao)企業(ye)，我們能(neng)不能(neng)也采用(yong)(yong)更為靈活、便(bian)宜、機動的(de)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)形式？來盤盤當(dang)下常見(jian)的(de)新型用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，這些用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)形式哪些是(shi)中小(xiao)企業(ye)可(ke)以采納的(de)。從(cong)目(mu)前的(de)形態來看(kan)，企業(ye)的(de)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)形式包(bao)括傳統的(de)全日(ri)制用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、勞務派遣、退休返聘、實習生、崗位外包(bao)、業(ye)務外包(bao)、非全日(ri)制用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、合伙(huo)自(zi)組(zu)織用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、平(ping)臺用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等多種形式。靈活用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)有幾個好處。
一(yi)、是便宜，不(bu)用購買社保(bao)。
二、是高績效(xiao)，靈活用工(gong)多是以工(gong)作(zuo)定時定額或工(gong)作(zuo)結果為導向的。
三、是(shi)靈活(huo)機動(dong)(dong)，能有效解(jie)決業務搖擺波(bo)動(dong)(dong)帶來的人才短缺和冗余問題(ti)；第四是(shi)幫助企(qi)業從勞動(dong)(dong)關系日常繁(fan)雜的工(gong)作(zuo)中解(jie)放出(chu)來，規避了不(bu)必要的管理程序和法律(lv)風險(xian)。
傳統全(quan)日制用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)目前還是主流的用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)形式，就是員工(gong)(gong)(gong)每(mei)(mei)天工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)八小時，每(mei)(mei)周四十個小時。單位給員工(gong)(gong)(gong)上五險一金，薪資按月支付，員工(gong)(gong)(gong)接受(shou)公司的管理(li)，雙(shuang)方是勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系，受(shou)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)法和(he)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)同法的約束。非(fei)標(biao)準的勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系像勞(lao)(lao)務派遣和(he)非(fei)全(quan)日制用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，這兩種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)同法也是明確(que)的屬于勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系的，但是又和(he)上面的全(quan)日制用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)很大區別。非(fei)全(quan)日制用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是以小時計酬為主，一般平(ping)均每(mei)(mei)天工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時間(jian)不超過四小時，每(mei)(mei)周工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時間(jian)累積不超過二十四小時，可以不買社保(bao)，可以隨(sui)時終止(zhi)。勞(lao)(lao)務派遣就不用(yong)(yong)(yong)說了，是勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者和(he)第三方簽(qian)訂合(he)同，將員工(gong)(gong)(gong)派遣到用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。
第三(san)大類(lei)用(yong)工(gong)形式實(shi)際是民(min)事(shi)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)不是勞動關(guan)(guan)系(xi)，受民(min)法典和合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)法的(de)約定，這里就包括勞務關(guan)(guan)系(xi)、外包、實(shi)習(xi)、退休返(fan)聘、平臺用(yong)工(gong)、合(he)(he)(he)伙(huo)自組(zu)織等。除全(quan)(quan)日制外的(de)都稱(cheng)之為靈(ling)活(huo)用(yong)工(gong)，靈(ling)活(huo)用(yong)工(gong)更多(duo)的(de)其實(shi)是將(jiang)(jiang)雇傭關(guan)(guan)系(xi)變成了(le)合(he)(he)(he)伙(huo)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)、合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)，將(jiang)(jiang)勞動所得(de)(de)變成了(le)經營所得(de)(de)。難點在于(yu)要會將(jiang)(jiang)自己的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)類(lei)型(xing)進(jin)行梳(shu)理和分(fen)解(jie)，同(tong)時(shi)又能(neng)規(gui)避(bi)用(yong)工(gong)風險，哪些工(gong)作(zuo)可以不需要一個全(quan)(quan)職的(de)員工(gong)就可以完成，同(tong)時(shi)還要去匹配(pei)相應的(de)用(yong)工(gong)管理方式。
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